La interpretación de la conjunción disyuntiva “or” sigue produciendo resultados interesantes, sobre todo en su interacción con los fenómenos de escalaridad. En particular, la escalaridad y los efectos inducidos por la máxima de cantidad permiten explicar por ejemplo la interpretación exclusiva de “o”:
Resumen: If a speaker chooses one scalar term (e.g., three, or) rather than a stronger one (e.g., four, and), listeners may assume that the speaker lacked evidence for the stronger claim, giving rise to strengthened meanings like exactly three or exclusive or. Three experiments investigate the circumstances under which or is interpreted as exclusive or. The first tests the hypothesis that accenting a scalar term increases the number of scalar implicatures that are computed. The second tests the hypothesis that fewer scalar implicatures are drawn in Downward Entailing (DE) contexts than in non-DE contexts, not confounded with potential focus effects as in a previous study on the issue. The third study examines the role of DE versus non-DE contexts in a selfpaced reading study. The results indicate that both focus and DE vs. non-DE context affects
interpretation of or as predicted, and that the latter appears as an on-line effect.
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